See synful in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "sinful"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sinfu"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "synfull"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"synful",
"synful#Old_English"
],
[
"synne",
"synne#Middle_English"
],
[
"-ful",
"-ful#Middle_English"
]
],
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{
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"3": "ang:synful"
},
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},
{
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{
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"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
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"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English synful",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "synful"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English synful",
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},
{
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},
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"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
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},
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English synful; equivalent to and sometimes remodelled after synne + -ful, though the disyllabic form remains predominant.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "synfulle",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "synfulle",
"tags": [
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "senful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sinful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "synffol",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "synfull",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sinfull",
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"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "symful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "synfle",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "synneful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sinnfull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
},
{
"form": "cynfulle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "senfol",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "senvul",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "zenvol",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "sunfol",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sunful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sunvol",
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"alternative"
]
},
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"form": "sunvul",
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"alternative"
]
}
],
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"11": "",
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"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{comp2}}}",
"9": "",
"f3l": "",
"f5l": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "synful (plural and weak singular synfulle)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "synful (plural and weak singular synfulle)",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
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"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 4 0 36 5 32 0 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Sinful; having sinned, guilty of sin."
],
"id": "en-synful-enm-adj-hc0e7ciT",
"links": [
[
"Sinful",
"sinful"
],
[
"sinned",
"sinned"
],
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"guilty",
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]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 65 0 6 0 21",
"kind": "other",
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"orig": "enm:Ethics",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sinful; morally or religiously wrong."
],
"id": "en-synful-enm-adj-pAUjuZ2r",
"links": [
[
"Sinful",
"sinful"
],
[
"morally",
"morally"
],
[
"religiously",
"religiously"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Relating to hell."
],
"id": "en-synful-enm-adj-5hKPmTET",
"links": [
[
"hell",
"hell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Northern, rare) Relating to hell."
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Early Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "30 0 0 53 8 10",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 3 1 51 6 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 2 2 49 9 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ful",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 4 0 36 5 32 0 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 5 1 39 5 24 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "33 0 0 55 5 4 0 3",
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},
{
"_dis": "34 0 0 60 3 2 0 2",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 0 0 60 6 4 0 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Unbaptised; lacking a baptism."
],
"id": "en-synful-enm-adj-oP0r~eqv",
"links": [
[
"Unbaptised",
"unbaptised"
],
[
"baptism",
"baptism"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Early Middle English, rare) Unbaptised; lacking a baptism."
],
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Unlucky; ill-fortuned."
],
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[
"Unlucky",
"unlucky"
],
[
"fortuned",
"fortuned"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Unlucky; ill-fortuned."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsin(ə)ful/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzyn(ə)vul/",
"note": "Southern, Southwest Midland"
}
],
"word": "synful"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"synful",
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],
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"synne",
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],
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"-ful",
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]
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},
{
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},
"expansion": "Old English synful",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English synful",
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},
{
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},
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"1": "enm",
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English synful; equivalent to and sometimes remodelled after synne + -ful, though the disyllabic form remains predominant.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "synfulle",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "senful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sinful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "synffol",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "synfull",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sinfull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "symful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "synfle",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "synneful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sinnfull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
},
{
"form": "cynfulle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "senfol",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "senvul",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "zenvol",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "sunfol",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sunful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sunvol",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sunvul",
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}
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"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "synful (plural synfulle)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 4 0 36 5 32 0 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 100",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"A sinful individual."
],
"id": "en-synful-enm-noun-Vvqkvghu",
"links": [
[
"sinful",
"sinful"
],
[
"individual",
"individual"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsin(ə)ful/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzyn(ə)vul/",
"note": "Southern, Southwest Midland"
}
],
"word": "synful"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁-",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -ful",
"Old English adjectives",
"Old English entries with etymon",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-",
"Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁-",
"Old English terms suffixed with -ful",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:People",
"enm:Religion"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "sinful"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "sinfu"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "synfull"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"synful",
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],
[
"synne",
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],
[
"-ful",
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]
],
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"name": "ety"
},
{
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"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English synful",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "synful"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English synful",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "synne",
"3": "-ful"
},
"expansion": "synne + -ful",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:synful"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English synful; equivalent to and sometimes remodelled after synne + -ful, though the disyllabic form remains predominant.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "synfulle",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "synfulle",
"tags": [
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "senful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sinful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "synffol",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "synfull",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sinfull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "symful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "synfle",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "synneful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sinnfull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
},
{
"form": "cynfulle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "senfol",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "senvul",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "zenvol",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "sunfol",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sunful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sunvol",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sunvul",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"10": "{{{3}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{sup2}}}",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "plural and weak singular",
"4": "synfulle",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{comp2}}}",
"9": "",
"f3l": "",
"f5l": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "synful (plural and weak singular synfulle)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "synfulle"
},
"expansion": "synful (plural and weak singular synfulle)",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Sinful; having sinned, guilty of sin."
],
"links": [
[
"Sinful",
"sinful"
],
[
"sinned",
"sinned"
],
[
"guilty",
"guilty"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Sinful; morally or religiously wrong."
],
"links": [
[
"Sinful",
"sinful"
],
[
"morally",
"morally"
],
[
"religiously",
"religiously"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses",
"Northern Middle English"
],
"glosses": [
"Relating to hell."
],
"links": [
[
"hell",
"hell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Northern, rare) Relating to hell."
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Early Middle English",
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Unbaptised; lacking a baptism."
],
"links": [
[
"Unbaptised",
"unbaptised"
],
[
"baptism",
"baptism"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Early Middle English, rare) Unbaptised; lacking a baptism."
],
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Unlucky; ill-fortuned."
],
"links": [
[
"Unlucky",
"unlucky"
],
[
"fortuned",
"fortuned"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Unlucky; ill-fortuned."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsin(ə)ful/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzyn(ə)vul/",
"note": "Southern, Southwest Midland"
}
],
"word": "synful"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with etymon",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁-",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -ful",
"Old English adjectives",
"Old English entries with etymon",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-",
"Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁-",
"Old English terms suffixed with -ful",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:People",
"enm:Religion"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"synful",
"synful#Old_English"
],
[
"synne",
"synne#Middle_English"
],
[
"-ful",
"-ful#Middle_English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:synful"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁es-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*sunjō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*sunnju\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"synn\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pleh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pl̥h₁nós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*fullaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-fullaz\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ful\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"synful\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"synful\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"synful\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "synful",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English synful",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "synful"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English synful",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "synne",
"3": "-ful"
},
"expansion": "synne + -ful",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ang:synful"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English synful; equivalent to and sometimes remodelled after synne + -ful, though the disyllabic form remains predominant.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "synfulle",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "senful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sinful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "synffol",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "synfull",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sinfull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "symful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "synfle",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "synneful",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "sinnfull",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
},
{
"form": "cynfulle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "senfol",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "senvul",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "zenvol",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Kent"
]
},
{
"form": "sunfol",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sunful",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sunvol",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "sunvul",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "synful",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "synfulle"
},
"expansion": "synful (plural synfulle)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A sinful individual."
],
"links": [
[
"sinful",
"sinful"
],
[
"individual",
"individual"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsin(ə)ful/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzyn(ə)vul/",
"note": "Southern, Southwest Midland"
}
],
"word": "synful"
}
Download raw JSONL data for synful meaning in Middle English (13.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.